We performed immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin and mutation analysis for Wnt/β-catenin-related genes (CTNNB1, APC, AXIN1 and AXIN2) in BCA (n = 34), BCAC (n = 3), ACC (n = 67) and PA (n = 31).
We performed immunohistochemistry to detect TLE1 and β-catenin and investigated the catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) mutational profile among BCA and BCAC cases.
CTNNB1 mutation was confirmed in most basal cell adenomas tested, and findings in basal cell adenocarcinoma suggest possible tumorigenic mechanisms, including alterations in PI3K and NF-κB pathways and transcriptional regulation.
Although nuclear β-catenin expression may be unable to distinguish basal cell adenoma from basal cell adenocarcinoma, it should be a helpful marker in the diagnosis of basal cell adenoma.