Strong evidence demonstrates that nicotine dependence is associated with 4 genetic variants rs16969968, rs6474412, rs3733829, and rs1329650 in large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies.
Genome-wide association studies have associated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs578776, rs16969968, rs6474412, rs3733829 and rs4105144 with nicotine dependence in Western European populations.