Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
These homologies suggest that PTEN may suppress tumor cell growth by antagonizing protein tyrosine kinases and may regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis through interactions at focal adhesions.
|
9072974 |
1997 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Frozen tissue from primary cutaneous melanomas (n = 23) and metastases (n = 17) were microdissected, and microsatellite markers D10S541 and D10S547, flanking the gene on both sides, were used to search for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the PTEN gene locus.
|
9764804 |
1998 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
PTEN/MMAC1 mutations in the advanced endometrial cancers were similar in the corresponding metastases.
|
9829719 |
1998 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Alteration of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene locus in primary lung cancer with distant metastasis.
|
10470842 |
1999 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
The high mutation rate in advanced brain tumors, recent functional studies, and the high frequency of mutations in prostate metastases all strongly suggest that PTEN/MMAC1 alterations are involved in the formation of metastases.
|
10499615 |
1999 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Therefore, we wished to determine whether inactivation of PTEN might be associated with increased angiogenesis in prostate cancers, because increased angiogenesis in localized cancers is associated with development of metastatic disease.
|
10208463 |
1999 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
CTD_human |
Identification of PTEN mutations in metastatic melanoma specimens.
|
10978354 |
2000 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Somatic PTEN mutations were identified in melanomas from 4 of 37 patients (11%), all of whom had metastatic disease.
|
10881743 |
2000 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Because PTEN negatively regulates on the downstream effects of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K), we hypothesized that the loss of PTEN/MMAC1 and the activation of RAS may be largely equivalent because RAS is a known positive upstream regulator of PI3-K. We expanded our previous survey of PTEN/MMAC1 mutations and analyzed the RAS status of 53 cutaneous melanoma cell lines, 18 glioma cell lines, and 17 uncultured cutaneous melanoma metastasis.
|
10766161 |
2000 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Five of 32 (16%) primary prostate cancers from Chinese men and two of six metastases from American men showed mutations in a total of 10 codons of PTEN, which involved exons 1, 2, 5, 8, and 9.
|
11234884 |
2001 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Only one mutation resulting in a truncated PTEN protein was detected, which was in a metastasized extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.
|
11854598 |
2002 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Furthermore, apart from sporadic endometrial carcinoma, PTEN alteration in noncultured sporadic neoplasias likely occurs "late," promoting progression and metastasis.The article by Davies et al.
|
12060605 |
2002 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Ex vivo introduction of MMAC/PTEN expression did not inhibit the tumorigenicity of orthotopically implanted PC3 cells, but it did significantly reduce tumor size and completely inhibited the formation of metastases.
|
12060635 |
2002 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
The favorable prognosis of synchronous endometrioid carcinomas may be due to the occurrence of PTEN mutations in both independent and metastatic tumors, the MI-positive independent primary tumors, and the low frequency of LOH.
|
12055677 |
2002 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
These data suggest that MADS-IX possibly is part of a novel candidate metastasis-associated gene located close to the PTEN gene on chromosome 10q.
|
12631399 |
2003 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
In three other microsatellite loci [D9S162 (9p22-p21), D10S251 and D10S541 (surrounding the PTEN/MMAC1 gene on 10q23-q24)], clearly recognizable LOH was found in the solid part and in the metastasis, whereas the tubular component demonstrated only a slight decrease of the same allele.
|
12719974 |
2003 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
PTEN expression was significantly associated with invasive depth (P=0.003, rs=0.274), metastasis (P=0.036, rs=0.197), growth pattern (P=0.008, rs=0.282), Lauren's classification (P=0.000, rs=0.345), and histological classification (P=0.005, rs=0.262) of tumors, but not with tumor size (P=0.639, rs=0.045), Borrmann's classification (P=0.544, rs=0.070) or TNM staging (P=0.172, rs=0.129).
|
12918097 |
2003 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression was positively associated with tumor size, Borrmann's classification, invasive depth, metastasis and TNM staging (P < 0.05), but negative with PTEN expression (P < 0.05).
|
14516315 |
2003 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Inactivation of the PTEN gene protein product is associated with the invasiveness and metastasis, but not angiogenesis, of breast cancer.
|
14674989 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Loss of heterozygosity on 10q and mutational status of PTEN and BMPR1A in colorectal primary tumours and metastases.
|
15026806 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
In the 12 of 15 melanoma cell lines (80%) and two of two melanoma metastases with PTEN alterations, BRAF was also mutated.
|
15009714 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
GeneticVariation
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
Biallelic deletion of PTEN has been associated with advanced stage tumors or metastatic disease.
|
15448614 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
The present study has assessed the in situ expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in 26 prostate intraepithelial neoplasias (PINs), 58 primary prostate carcinomas, and 15 metastases.
|
15095479 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
Biomarker
|
phenotype |
BEFREE |
The results suggest that nm23 gene plays a major role in metastasis and its mechanism of action of metastasis suppression may involve downregulation of genes associated with cell adhesion, motility (integrins alpha2, -8, -9, -L and -V, collagen type VIII alpha1, fibronectin 1, catenin, TGF-beta2, FGF7, MMP14 and 16, ErbB2) and possibly certain tumor/metastasis suppressors (2 members of SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated proteins 2 and 5 and PTEN).
|
14735469 |
2004 |
Neoplasm Metastasis
|
0.400 |
AlteredExpression
|
phenotype |
LHGDN |
Loss of PTEN expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.03), but did not correlate with tumor size, tumor grade, MVD or recurrence.
|
14674989 |
2004 |