Our results suggest that the DRD1 A48G polymorphism and the presence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors may role an effect in the occurrence of dyskinesia in PD patients.
Case-control comparisons in 153 Japanese schizophrenia patients and 122 Japanese controls did not suggest an association between Ala38Thr and schizophrenia.
Furthermore, SNPs of the genes that contribute to alcohol behavior, DRD3 (rs167770), DRD2 (rs10891556), and SLC6A4 (rs140701), were also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.
Furthermore, SNPs of the genes that contribute to alcohol behavior, DRD3 (rs167770), DRD2 (rs10891556), and SLC6A4 (rs140701), were also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.
The rs167771 SNP was recently also found to be related to risperidone-induced extra-pyramidal side effects (EPS) in patients with autism, which is important since risperidone is approved for the treatment of aggression, irritability and rigid behavior in ASD.
One SNP of the DRD3 gene, rs167771</span>, achieved significant association with EPS risk after Bonferroni correction (nominal P-value 1.3 x 10(-4)) in the patients treated with risperidone (132 patients).
One SNP of the DRD3 gene, rs167771</span>, achieved significant association with EPS risk after Bonferroni correction (nominal P-value 1.3 x 10(-4)) in the patients treated with risperidone (132 patients).
The rs167771 SNP was recently also found to be related to risperidone-induced extra-pyramidal side effects (EPS) in patients with autism, which is important since risperidone is approved for the treatment of aggression, irritability and rigid behavior in ASD.
The single-SNP analysis showed that the dominant minor allele of rs2134655 on DRD3 increases alcoholism susceptibility; the dominant minor allele of rs1439047 on NTRK2 delays the alcoholism onset age, but the additive minor allele of rs172677 on GRIN2B and the dominant minor allele of rs63319 on ALDH1A1 advance the alcoholism onset age; and the dominant minor allele of rs1079597 on DRD2 shortens the onset age range.
A recent meta-analysis suggested that the haplotype T-T-T-G for the SNPs rs7631540-rs1486012-rs2134655-rs963468 may confer protection against schizophrenia.
In the replication sample, rs2251177, located 149 base pairs away from the most significant SNP in the discovery sample, was nominally associated with PTSD in men (OR = 0.32).
Individuals with ND and two minor alleles (AA) of rs2399496 had almost six-fold risk for MDD (OR 5.74, 95%CI 3.12-10.5, p = 9.010e-09) compared to individuals without ND and with two major alleles (TT).
Individuals with ND and two minor alleles (AA) of rs2399496 had almost six-fold risk for MDD (OR 5.74, 95%CI 3.12-10.5, p = 9.010e-09) compared to individuals without ND and with two major alleles (TT).
The result of this analysis showed that 2 SNPs were significantly associated with the olanzapine response in both independent cohorts (rs324026, <i>P</i> = 0.023; rs12610827, <i>P</i> = 0.043) and combined SCZ patient population (rs324026, adjust <i>P</i> = 0.014; rs12610827, adjust <i>P</i> = 0.012).
Various tag SNPs reached nominal significance; TD with rs1345423, rs7192557, rs1650420, as well as rs11644461; orofacial dyskinesia with rs7192557, rs1650420, as well as rs4911871; limb truncal dyskinesia with rs1345423, rs7192557, rs1650420, as well as rs11866328; bradykinesia with rs2192970; akathisia with rs324035; and the principal-factor with rs10772715.
Two gene variants appeared to be significant after adding them to the clinical regression models: (1) Ser9Gly DRD3 polymorphism was associated with severe TD (odds ratio for patients with 1 mutant allele when compared with individuals with 2 wild types was 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.6, whereas the odds ratio for patients with 2 mutant alleles when compared with individuals with 1 mutant was 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.0-7.4), and (2) GSTM1 absence was associated with TD (odds ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.4) particularly in white women.
We suggest that the DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism may be a contributing factor to the performance of eye movements used as a phenotypic marker of schizophrenia.
Thus, a number of studies have focused on the association of dopamine system gene polymorphisms and TD, with the most consistent findings being an association between TD and the Ser9Gly polymorphism of the DRD3 gene and the TaqIA site 3' of the DRD2 gene.