CCL3L1-CCR5 genotypes may impact on the dynamics of the HIV epidemic and, consequently, the observed heterogeneous global distribution of HIV infection.
These data indicate that HIV infection of cells with limiting levels of cell surface CCR5 can be facilitated by gp41 sequences that are not exposed on the envelope ectodomain yet induce allosteric changes in gp120 that facilitate exposure of the CCR5 binding site.
The BSCI termed Peptide 3 strongly inhibited CCR5 mediated HIV infection of THP-1 cells (83 +/- 7% inhibition assayed by immunofluoresence staining), but had no effect on gp120 binding to CCR5.
Thus, we suggest that CCR5-mediated infection of LCs, and not capture of virus by LCs, provides a biologic basis for understanding certain aspects of host genetic susceptibility to initial HIV infection.
Associations of CCR5, CCR2, and stromal cell-derived factor 1 genotypes with human immunodeficiency virus disease progression in patients receiving nucleoside therapy.