Our observations suggest that VEGF expression could be used as a prognostic marker in early-stage prostate tumors, whereas neuropilin-1 overexpression might be a marker of aggressiveness.
We have coupled two of these therapeutic approaches, gene therapy and antiangiogenic therapy and tested them in two murine prostate cancer models Recombinant adenovirus encoding the ligand-binding ectodomain of the VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) fused to an Fc domain was administered to SCID mice carrying orthotopic human LNCaP tumors as well as to transgenic (TRAMP) mice with spontaneous prostate tumors.
The androgen receptor is significantly associated with vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia sensing via hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1a, HIF-2a, and the prolyl hydroxylases in human prostate cancer.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptors (VEGFRs), and alpha5beta1 integrin were expressed by prostate cancer cells in vitro and by prostate tumors in vivo, and their expression was elevated at sites of bone metastasis compared to original prostate tumor.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptors (VEGFRs), and alpha5beta1 integrin were expressed by prostate cancer cells in vitro and by prostate tumors in vivo, and their expression was elevated at sites of bone metastasis compared to original prostate tumor.
Stage-specific characterization of the vascular endothelial growth factor axis in prostate cancer: expression of lymphangiogenic markers is associated with advanced-stage disease.
Hypoxia increases VEGF-A production by prostate cancer and bone marrow stromal cells and initiates paracrine activation of bone marrow endothelial cells.
These observations support the hypothesis that genistein may inhibit prostate tumor angiogenesis through the suppression of VEGF-mediated autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways between tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells.
Depletion of intracellular zinc increases expression of tumorigenic cytokines VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 in prostate cancer cells via NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.
A statistically significant correlation between expression of cyclin A1 and of MMP2, MMP9, and VEGF was observed in prostate tumors from 482 patients (P values from Spearman rank correlation tests < .001).
Inhibition of HIF-1 alpha and VEGF expression by the chemopreventive bioflavonoid apigenin is accompanied by Akt inhibition in human prostate carcinoma PC3-M cells.