Amyloid deposits occurring in the islets of Langerhans in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and some insulinomas contain a 37-amino acid peptide that is structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide.
The relationship between the HLA system and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in South African Indians, a migrant Indian group, was evaluated by testing HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens in 184 patients and 1444 control subjects and HLA-DR antigens in 104 patients and 330 control subjects.
In the Sikhs no association with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was seen with the hypervariable region of the insulin gene or with HLA-DR/DQ/DX alpha chain restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
We therefore characterized restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms of the insulin-receptor gene with the restriction enzyme Rsa 1 in 242 Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites with type II diabetes and 202 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects who participated in a population-based study in San Antonio.
The analysis of the INSR locus revealed "protective" haplotypes, and it may be possible to use two of the INSR haplotypes as genetic markers to identify individuals having a very low probability of developing NIDDM regardless of the presence of other genes conferring susceptibility to this disorder.
Because the nature and location of the insertion did not suggest a role in insulin-receptor function, the association of this RFLP with NIDDM and hyperinsulinemia was reexamined in a small sample of Whites.
To directly address the question of potential insulin-receptor genetic defects in Pima Indians, we isolated and sequenced insulin-receptor cDNA from two Pima Indians with NIDDM.
We investigated intracellular processing of the insulin-receptor complex in monocytes from 12 healthy control subjects, 11 obese nondiabetic subjects, and 13 obese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by measuring receptor internalization, recovery of cell-surface insulin binding after receptor internalization, and the release of intracellular intact insulin (insulin retroendocytosis).
The present paper reports the results of tests of association between Type 2 diabetes mellitus and seven polymorphic markers: the blood groups - ABO, Rhesus, Duffy and Kell (K and KP) - haptoglobin and group specific component; among Anglo and Hispanic populations in the San Luis Valley of Colorado, USA.
Several lines of evidence now implicate elevated amylin levels in the pathogenic mechanisms underlying NIDDM, and suggest to us that the obesity which frequently accompanies this syndrome is a result of, rather than a risk factor for, NIDDM.
Amyloid deposits in the islets of Langerhans occur in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans and cats and consist of a 37-amino-acid polypeptide known as islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP).
The present paper reports the results of tests of association between Type 2 diabetes mellitus and seven polymorphic markers: the blood groups - ABO, Rhesus, Duffy and Kell (K and KP) - haptoglobin and group specific component; among Anglo and Hispanic populations in the San Luis Valley of Colorado, USA.
The APOB and APOA1/C3/A4 loci appear to contribute to the development of NIDDM in individuals who are of lean/normal weight and overweight, respectively.
Several studies have reported association between noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and GC, the vitamin D binding protein of human plasma, with the GC 1 allele in significant excess among diabetics.
A restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) detected with the human insulin-receptor cDNA and the enzyme Sac I has been reported to be associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in White and Black populations and segregated with diabetes in two small pedigrees with maturity-onset diabetes of the young.
Because a central feature of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is an imparied ability of insulin to enhance glucose disposal in skeletal muscle, we examined the hypothesis that reduced expression of GLUT4 is a characteristic finding in the skeletal muscle of subjects with NIDDM.
Defects in insulin-receptor function have been associated with insulin-resistant states such as obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
Restriction site polymorphisms at the human HepG2 glucose transporter gene locus in Caucasian and west Indian subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.