With regard to the significance of these cytokines in peptic ulcer development and the high prevalence of this disease in the developing countries, this study aimed to investigate the association of TNF-α and IL-1β with peptic ulcer in the presence of H. pylori.
Taking PPI [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.02-0.39], pepsinogen I of less than 50 ng/ml (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10-0.56) and IL-1beta-511 T carrier (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18-0.93) were significantly associated with peptic ulcer.
Taking PPI [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.02-0.39], pepsinogen I of less than 50 ng/ml (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10-0.56) and IL-1beta-511 T carrier (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18-0.93) were significantly associated with peptic ulcer.
Further studies are needed to fully understand the pathophysiological effect of polymorphisms in the IL-1 cluster in H. pylori associated ulcer disease and susceptibility to infection itself.
In the IgG-positive, IgA-low group, the rate of peptic ulcers (especially duodenal ulcers) in endoscopic findings was higher (P < 0.05); the score of activity and the density of H. pylori were higher (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively); the score of metaplasia was lower (P < 0.05); and the level of interleukin-1 beta was lower (P < 0.05) than in the IgG-positive, IgA-high group.