The evaluation of Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in the tumor cells with immunohistochemistry is a mandatory diagnostic step in the treatment of lung cancer.
Furthermore, elevation of PD-L1 expression on TC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with reduced chemotherapy response and inferior progression-free survival in patients with lung cancer.
Besides being a predictive biomarker of response to immunotherapy in lung cancer in general, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is not so well correlated with treatment outcomes of lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) harbouring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, as reported studies are inconclusive and seldom addressed the issues of response to treatment and resistance.
These results demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating TAMs are extrinsic regulators of tumor PD-L1 expression, indicating that combination therapy targeting both tumor PD-L1 and stromal TAMs might be a possible strategy for effective treatment of lung cancer.
Treatment with selective anti-PD1, anti-PD-L1 and/or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been a revolution in the therapeutic scenario of several cancer types, with the highest clinical efficacy in melanoma and in lung cancer.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the largest to evaluate the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological and molecular features in lung cancer with a highly prevalent <i>EGFR</i> mutation.
Further, shRNA-expressing lentivirus mediated EZH2 knockdown suppressed both the mRNA and protein expression level of PD-L1, thus delaying lung cancer progression in vivo by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.
Neutralizing antibodies targeting immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) have been particularly successful for tumor types with limited therapeutic options such as melanoma and lung cancer.
After coculture of cells expressing CD137L (lung cancer cells or 293FT cells transfected with CD137L plasmid) with T cells, the PDL1 expression of lung cancer cells and IFN-γ in supernatant was detected.
Targeting immune checkpoint pathways, such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1, also known as CD274 or B7-H1) or its receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) has shown improved survival for patients with numerous types of cancers, not limited to lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma.
Sarcomatoid transformation is a type of lung cancer histologic evolution with a poor prognosis and a high proportion of cases with aberrant MET activation and PD-L1 expression.
Like programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is known to exert immunosuppressive effects and be variably expressed in human lung cancer.
The aim of the study was assess the phenotype of putative CSCs and to examine the expression of PD-L1 on CSCs in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in lung cancer patients.