Taken together, all these positive results demonstrated that developing of CXCR4 modulators is a promising strategy to mediate breast cancer metastasis.
Expression of the RAC1, RHOA and CXCR4 proteins and their interaction as risk factors for infiltration to the nipple areola complex in operable breast carcinoma.
A statistically significant correlation was disclosed between the negative expression of PR receptors and a high expression of CXCR4 in patients with BC.
We hypothesized that activation of the CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F axis may contribute to the preferential translation of oncogenic mRNAs leading to breast cancer progression and metastasis.
With regards to different subtypes of BC, the present study revealed that high CXCR4 transcript expression was significantly associated with both longer relapse‑free survival and OS only in basal‑like BC.
Combination treatment using the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3465 and the IDO1 inhibitor D1MT successfully delayed the progression of breast cancer bone metastases.
Here, we show that the histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), suppresses HER2-overexpressing breast cancer via upregulation of miR-146a and the resultant repression of its oncogenic targets, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 and the chemokine receptor CXCR4.
We assessed circulating PDCs proportions drained from the axillary tributaries, and the in situ expression of both CD303 and CXCR4 in breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes (pLN) and negative lymph nodes (nLN) using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.
LRP6N might be a promising diagnostic marker for the early detection of breast cancer metastasis as well as an inhibitor of SDF-1/CXCR4-induced breast cancer metastasis.
The siRNA duplexes of CXCR4 were embedded into the RNA hydrogel to block breast cancer metastasis and conjugation of the LXL-DNA aptamer (apt-DNA-Chol) is an effective target DNA sequence for MDA-MB-231 cells.
Initial experiments showed that CXCR4 and ACKR3 were upregulated in primary breast cancer and that CXCR4 and ACKR3 could form heterodimers in transfected CHO cells.
It is shown that the C-PEI with the lower content of cholesterol exhibits the highest siRNA transfection efficiency and demonstrates enhanced CXCR4 antagonism and antimetastatic activity in a breast cancer model in vivo.
Mechanistically, we found that activation of HIF signaling in OPCs increases blood levels of the chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12), which leads to a systemic increase of breast cancer cell proliferation and dissemination through direct activation of the CXCR4 receptor.
These results suggest the reciprocal roles of LL-37 and CXCR4 in promoting breast cancer cell migration and provide new insight into the design of CXCR4 inhibitor for intervention of metastatic breast cancer.
CXCR4 was more expressed in PT than in metastases (p = 0.0067), whereas CXCL12 was highly expressed in metastatic lesions located in liver and lung (p < 0.0001), as reported for human breast cancer.
The aim of this retrospective analysis was to assess the diagnostic performance of CXCR4-directed PET imaging in patients with breast cancer using the recently introduced CXCR4-targeted PET probe <sup>68</sup>Ga-Pentixafor.
On the other hand, 19 drug targets, among them VEGF, VEGFR2, CXCL12, and CXCR4, have been addressed for the first time until 6 years ago, confirming that the development of drugs for brain metastasis in breast cancer is an incipient area, but with interesting potential.
The metastatic potential of breast cancer cells has been strongly associated with overexpression of the chemokine CXCL12 and the activity of its receptor CXCR4.
The authors previously demonstrated that high stimulating conditions (sub-minimal IL-17, 0.1 ng/ml, synergized with high salt, Δ0.05 M NaCl) promote breast cancer cell proliferation and CXCR4 expression through upregulation of salt-inducible kinase (SIK)-3.
Collectively, these findings suggest our CXCR4 antagonists have promising clinical utility for HIV or breast cancer therapies as well as being useful probes to examine the link between CXCR4 and apoptosis.