High expression of feces COX-2 mRNA in colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer is a common event; it is an early event in the development of colorectal adenomas to colorectal cancer.
This study investigated the relation of COX-2 polymorphisms (-1195G>A, -765G>C and 8160A>G) to colorectal adenomas in a case-control study of male officials in the Self Defense Forces (SDF).
To investigate expression of HuR in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence, we examined expression of HuR in colorectal mucosa of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and sporadic colorectal cancer with correlation to COX-2 expression.
A protective effect on colorectal adenomas was found for the CT genotype of SNP H477H in PPARgamma and the GC genotype of SNP V102V in COX-2 (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45-0.89 and OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.92, respectively) compared with the homozygous major genotypes.
The results reported herein address the questions of what factors are associated with expression (relative messenger RNA levels) of COX-1 and COX-2 in colorectal adenomas and whether there is heterogeneity in the protective effect of NSAIDs by levels of COX expression.
The cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway is important in colorectal carcinogenesis with the majority of cancers overexpressing COX-2; however, the role of COX-2 in the development of colorectal adenomas is less well defined.
Taken together, our results suggest that overexpression of mPGES in addition to COX-2 contributes to increased amounts of PGE(2) in colorectal adenomas and cancer.
An increase of COX-2-positive cells in adenoma was observed in 11 (37.9%) lesions, 10 (90.9%) of which had a K-ras gene mutation, suggesting a significant correlation between COX-2 expression and K-ras gene mutation in colorectal adenomas.