Loss-of-function variants in <i>MTNR1B</i>, which encodes the melatonin receptor MT<sub>2</sub>, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
New insights into G protein coupled receptor regulation of glucose metabolism by β-cells, skeletal muscle and liver hepatocytes identify GPRC6A as a potential therapeutic target for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
Free Fatty Acid receptor 4 (FFA4), also known as GPR120, is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) responsive to long-chain fatty acids that is attracting considerable attention as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor that is a major therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
GPR120 (FFAR4) is a fatty acid sensing G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been identified as a target for possible treatment of type 2 diabetes.
There is now considerable literature demonstrating a link between inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in insulin-responsive tissues and the pathogenesis of obesity and T2DM.
Melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) belongs to the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily involved in insulin secretion, which has attracted considerable attention as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes (T2D) since it was first identified as a loci associated with fasting plasma glucose level through genome wide association approach.
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 119 is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and represents a promising target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes as it is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells.