Moderately increased pleocytosis in CSF (5-100 × 10<sup>6</sup>/L) further increased the diagnostic accuracy of this combination, AUC 0.90 (95% CI, 0.81-0.98).
CNS viral escape should be considered as a differential among patients on Atazanavir presenting with non-focal cerebral syndrome and CSF lymphocytic pleocytosis.
Investigation showed: raised CSF protein; pleocytosis; raised CSF:peripheral blood mononuclear cell HTLV-1 proviral load ratio; and MRI either normal or showing white matter changes in brain and cord.
It has been estimated that paediatric meningitis without elevated CSF white cell count (pleocytosis) accounts for 0.5-12% of all cases of bacterial meningitis.
Patients with headache had more frequently fever (14/22 [64%] vs. 2/12 [17%] p = 0.013) and higher CSF pleocytosis (median white blood cells 79/μl [range, 6-311/μl] vs. 30/μl [range, 2-69/μl], p = 0.035) than those without headache, but there was no difference in gender, age at onset, seizure, migraine, CSF oligoclonal band detection, elevated IgG index, tumor association, or brain MRI abnormalities between them.
CSF samples that demonstrated an eosinophilic pleocytosis had the highest levels of ECs, exceeding those with neutrophilic pleocytosis, suggesting that ECs have a major effect on migration of eosinophils in the CSF.
The absence of pleocytosis or increased proteins in the CSF was associated with a longer time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment (p = 0.003).