microRNA-26a suppresses recruitment of macrophages by down-regulating macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression through the PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Adenoviruses encoding antiangiogenic factors (pigment epithelium-derived factor and endostatin) or cytokines (GM-CSF and IL-12) were delivered via the hepatic artery separately or in combination into woodchuck livers bearing HCCs.
Recent research found abnormal expression of the c-fms oncogene, which encodes the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (CSF-1R), in several human carcinomas including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
The results demonstrated that combined administration of p21(WAF-1) and GM-CSF could remarkably inhibit the growth of subcutaneously transplanted hepatomaHepa cells, and significantly increase the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice.
This study investigated the anti-cancer effect of combined quercetin and a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the human p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes (designated BB-102) on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines in vitro.
The results showed that combined gene transfer of p21WAF-1 and GM-CSF could inhibit the growth of pre-established tumor more effectively and prolong the survival time of hepatoma-bearing mice more significantly than the transfer of a single gene.
Therefore, these results suggest that combining expression of GM-CSF and B70 may enhance NK-mediated cytotoxicity, and then induce the antitumor immunity in hepatoma transplanted into nude mice.