In terms of hormone receptors, 80.5% (62/77) of patients with MBC were estrogen receptor positive, 75.3% (58/77) of patients were progesterone receptor positive, and only 6.5% (5/77) of patients were HER2 overexpressing.
Male BC is almost exclusively hormone receptor positive (+), including the androgen receptor (AR), and is associated with an increased prevalence of BRCA2 germline mutations, especially in men with increased risk for developing high-risk BC.
Male BC is almost exclusively hormone receptor positive (+), including the androgen receptor (AR), and is associated with an increased prevalence of BRCA2 germline mutations, especially in men with increased risk for developing high-risk BC.
Two distinct BRCA2 pathogenic variants c.1813dupA and c.8485C > T detected in two young female triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, respectively, with a family history of male breast cancer, are reported here for the first time in Algerian population.
Not only the estrogen receptor (ER), but also other steroid hormone receptors, including the androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PgR) are expressed in MBC.
Body mass index (P = .023) and DACH1 (P = .034) were correlated with MBC prognosis, whereas the expression of AR (P = .049), SIX1 (P = .048), surgery (P < .001), and chemotherapy (P = .001) were important for FBC in addition to already known factors: tumor size and location, TNM stage (lymph nodes and organ metastasis), radiotherapy, and ER and human epidermalgrowth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression.
Not only the estrogen receptor (ER), but also other steroid hormone receptors, including the androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PgR) are expressed in MBC.
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the X chromosome gain in the development of MBC and its relation with AR gene copy number and expression.The X chromosome status was assessed in 66 cases of male invasive and in situ duct breast carcinoma, in 34 cases of gynecomastia associated with cancer, and in 11 cases of tumor-free gynecomastia.
The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics and prognostic information of estrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-negative (ER+/PR-) male breast cancer.
Body mass index (P = .023) and DACH1 (P = .034) were correlated with MBC prognosis, whereas the expression of AR (P = .049), SIX1 (P = .048), surgery (P < .001), and chemotherapy (P = .001) were important for FBC in addition to already known factors: tumor size and location, TNM stage (lymph nodes and organ metastasis), radiotherapy, and ER and human epidermalgrowth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression.
In order to investigate whether epigenetic signatures could define molecular subgroups of MBCs, we performed promoter methylation analysis of genes involved in signal transduction and hormone signalling in <i>BRCA1/2</i> mutation-positive and -negative MBCs.
Several susceptibility genes have been established for female breast cancer, of which mutations in BRCA1 and especially in BRCA2 are also known risk factors for male breast cancer (MBC).
Pathogenic variants in BRCA2 [odds ratio (OR) = 13.9; p = 1.92 × 10<sup>-16</sup>], CHEK2 (OR = 3.7; p = 6.24 × 10<sup>-24</sup>), and PALB2 (OR = 6.6, p = 0.01) were associated with significantly increased risks of MBC.