HDL-associated paraoxonase (PON1) reduces oxidation of lipids in LDL, and activity is inversely related to coronary heart disease risk with a beneficial effect on the development of atherosclerosis.
The present study revealed an association between carrier state of Q allele of PON1 gene and coronary artery disease as well as synergistic effects between genotype and some conventional risk factors, mainly smoking and elevated level of total cholesterol.
Effect of statin therapy on plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels is modified by paraoxonase 1 in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease.
The relationship between PON gene polymorphisms and CAD was not conclusive, but most studies support the concept that alterations in PON1 enzymatic activity levels do influence atheroma formation.
A common polymorphism at codon 192(Q/R) of the PON 1 gene has been shown to be associated with an adverse lipoprotein profile and increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk.
Finally, we suggest directions for the future that might elucidate the role of the PON genetic polymorphisms in this potentially important function of PON(s) and the role in coronary heart disease and other related diseases.
Studies have been conducted to evaluate the possible "protective" role of PON, and especially the influence of the Arg-->Gln 192 polymorphism, in coronary artery disease.
Low PON1 enzyme activity or specific allelic polymorphisms seem to be associated with the risk of developing coronary artery disease or acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
The results indicate that in this population of patients the promoter polymorphism T(-107)C of the PON1 gene is an independent risk factor for coronary disease in those 60 years or younger.
This study provides further evidence that genetic variation of the LT pathway, PON1, and CYP1A1 can modulate the atherogenic processes and eventually increase the risk of CAD in our study population.
In this study, we determined haplotypes of three SNPs within the PON1 gene promoter to elucidate association of functional sites with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Two hundred and twenty-four subjects met the diagnostic criteria of MS. We found a significant interaction between MS and both the PON1 polymorphisms in determining the risk of coronary artery disease (P<0.05 by likelihood-ratio test).