HIV-positive patients had hypoalphalipoproteinemia at baseline, and we found a redistribution of sub-populations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles with increased proportion of smaller HDL in HIV-positive untreated patients, which may result from increased levels of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in this group.
Suggested mechanisms for reduced HDL levels in FH patients have been altered apolipoprotein A-1 metabolism and elevated cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, but the molecular basis for hypoalphalipoproteinemia in any of these patients has not yet been identified.