High expression of ADH 1A (class 1), α polypeptide (<i>ADH1A;</i> log-rank P=0.043; HR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.64-0.99), ADH 1B (class 1), β polypeptide (<i>ADH1B</i>; log-rank P=1.9×10<sup>-05</sup>; HR=0.65; 95% CI: 0.53-0.79) and ADH 5 (class III), χ polypeptide (<i>ADH5</i>; log-rank P=0.0011; HR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.6-0.88) resulted in a significantly decreased risk of mortality in all patients with GC compared with patients with low expression of those genes.
Individuals homozygous for ADH ( 3 ) (1-1) had a higher risk of each tumor type compared to individuals who had ADH ( 3 ) (2-2) or ADH ( 3 ) (1-2) genotype (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.0-2.9 for esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas; OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.7-4.3 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; and OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5-5.1 for non-cardia gastric cancer).