The nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK; nicotine derived nitrosamine ketone) is one of the strongest carcinogens in tobacco which is involved in induction of lung cancer by changing the stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and annexin A2 expression.
We conclude that with respect to early diagnosis of lung cancer that HSP60 and annexin-2 proteins are the important biomarkers in the subgroups of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Thus down-regulating AnxA2 using RNAi methods may provide a useful method for targeting cancer stem cells and help advance therapeutic efficacy against lung cancers.
This study implies that Annexin A2 might play an important role in the progression and invasion of human lung cancer cells, and could promote progression of lung cancer by regulating the expression of MMP-2 and CB.
The antibody titer against AnxA2 may be a potentially useful new diagnostic surrogate marker for asbestos-related lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma.
First, by using mRNA differential display technique, down-regulated Annexin A2 expression was found in all cell lines transfected of Ad-p53 (adenoviral expression construct encoding wild type p53 gene) especially in highly metastatic Anip973 lung cancer cells.