FOXA1 is expressed in embryonic and adult urothelium and its expression is altered in urothelial carcinomas and across disparate molecular bladder cancer subtypes.
Likewise, squamous carcinomas expressed lower FOXA1 levels than micropapillary, nested, and plasmacytoid carcinomas (p < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis), keeping with the luminal character of micropapillary carcinoma, and suggesting that nested and plasmacytoid cancers have luminal character.
Foxa1 protein expression was always observed in human prostate carcinomas, regardless of Gleason grade score, while Foxa2 was only detected in neuroendocrine small cell carcinomas and in some high Gleason score adenocarcinomas.