Though several pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors present in the 30plex magnetic bead panel were not significantly (p>0.05) increased in the plasma of RA patients, the levels of plasma Th1 associated proinflammatory cytokines TNFα, and IL-6 and Th2 associated cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly (p<0.05) upregulated compared to OA and normal controls.
Our previous research provided evidence of periostin increase in parallel with interleukin-13 (IL13) increase in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis (OA).
To investigate the effects of the antiinflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-13 on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in the cellular signaling cascade on human osteoarthritis (OA) synovial fibroblasts.
These experiments suggest that IL-13 is potentially useful in the therapeutic treatment of OA, as it could regulate the major pathological process of this disease by reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and metalloproteases, and favoring the production of IL-1Ra.
IL-13, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-beta mRNAs were found more predominantly in infant samples and in samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with samples from patients with osteoarthritis (OA).