In this study, we enrolled 1,306 subjects with or without atherosclerosis and found that the INS/DEL or DEL/DEL genotypes significantly decreased the risk of atherosclerosis compared with the ins/ins genotype (adjusted odds ratio: 0.74 and 0.40, respectively).
IDDM and prior revascularization were independent predictors of deferred lesion failure FFR predicts outcomes, but is a less effective predictor in diabetics due to diffuse atherosclerosis microvascular disease.
Elevated Lp(a) levels, LMW S1 apo(a) isoform, HTA and combination of increased Lp(a) levels and total/HDL cholesterol ratio increase the risk for the development of atherosclerosis in patients with DM (IDDM and NIDDM).
High insulin enhances neutrophil transendothelial migration through increasing surface expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 via activation of mitogen activated protein kinase.