An increase in UMPK protein and mRNA levels following treatment with low-dose DAC was observed in cultured bolus 5-FU-resistant colorectal cancer cells (HCT-8) and in mice bearing these tumors.
Oncogenes (c-erbB-2, c-myc, and some genes linked to the 11q13 lesion), tumor suppressor genes (retinoblastoma gene, p53) and an antimetastatic gene (nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase) play important roles in breast cancer progression.
It was found that a clear relationship exists between activity and the number of chromosome 1p for PGD but not for UMPK, both on primary tumors (PTs) and on tumors grafted into nude mice (GTs).