After direct injection of herpes simplex virus type 1 based vectors encoding for human preproenkephalin (SHPE) or the lacZ reporter gene (SHZ.1, control virus) into the trigeminal ganglia in mice, we performed an orofacial formalin test and assessed the cumulative nociceptive behavior at different time points after injection of the viral vectors.
Because aberrant methylation of ppENK or p16 was more often detected in similar grade PanINs from patients with pancreatic carcinoma than in those with other pancreatic diseases, it may be a useful indicator of the potential malignancy of epithelial cells of the pancreas.
Chemotactic peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated degranulation activity of lactoferrin (Lf) was decreased significantly in HD patients, whereas those of myeloperoxidase and elastase were accelerated.
Chemotactic peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated degranulation activity of lactoferrin (Lf) was decreased significantly in HD patients, whereas those of myeloperoxidase and elastase were accelerated.
Cigarette smoking is common in cannabis users, but it was not associated to PENK SNPs as also validated in another cohort (N = 247 smokers, N = 312 non-smokers).
Delta receptor activity reduces levels of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, and facilitates morphine-context association. pEnk is involved in these processes and delta/pEnk signaling likely regulates alcohol intake.
Delta receptor activity reduces levels of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, and facilitates morphine-context association. pEnk is involved in these processes and delta/pEnk signaling likely regulates alcohol intake.
Differential expression of inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes in spinal cords of a mutant SOD1 transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Differential expression of inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes in spinal cords of a mutant SOD1 transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Differential expression of inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes in spinal cords of a mutant SOD1 transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Due to the important interactions of proenkephalin fragments (e.g., proenkephalin [107-140] Peptide F) to enhance activation of immune cells and potentially combat pain associated with exercise-induced muscle tissue damage, we examined the differential plasma responses of Peptide F to different exercise training programs.