Airway levels of LPS (P=0.003), CXCL8 (P=0.004), CCL5 (P=0.029), IL-6 (P=0.004), and IL-13 (P<0.001) were significantly higher in infants who later developed recurrent wheezing than those who did not.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes coding for IL-8, IL-19, IL-20, IL-13 mannose-binding lectin, IFNG and a RANTES polymorphism have been associated with subsequent wheeze following RSV LRTI in term-born infants.
Independent determinants significantly associated with increased risk for physician-diagnosed asthma by the seventh birthday included maternal asthma (odds ratio [OR], 5.2; 95% CI, 1.7-15.9; P = .004), exposure to high levels of dog allergen (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3-7.7; P = .012), aeroallergen sensitivity at age 3 years (OR, 10.7; 95% CI, 2.1-55.0; P = .005), recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life (OR, 7.3; 95% CI, 1.2-43.3; P = .028), and CCL5 expression in nasal epithelia during acute RSV infection (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4; P < .001).
Effect of variation in RANTES promoter on serum RANTES levels and risk of recurrent wheezing after RSV bronchiolitis in children from Han, Southern China.