Identifying SPTBN1 expression and function in cancers will contribute to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer and the investigation of anticancer drugs.
Therefore, we propose that loss of CTCF-dependent imprinting of tumor-promoting genes, such as IGF2 and TERT, results from a defective TGF-β pathway and is responsible at least in part for BWS-associated tumorigenesis as well as sporadic human cancers that are frequently associated with SPTBN1 and SMAD3 mutations.
Genes GADD45G and SPTBN1 might correlate with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma as has already been shown for other malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract.
An important basis for assessing a potential cancer risk due to ELF-EMF exposure is knowledge of biological effects on human cells at the chromosomal level.