This study identifies two novel components of the inflammatory pathway that regulates the immune response following RV infection and TLR3 stimulation, highlighting TN-C release and pro-inflammatory sEVs in the airway as relevant to the biology of virally induced exacerbations of asthma.
Furthermore, imiquimod (a ligand of TLR7) and TLR3 specific short-hairpin RNA plasmid for RNA interference were administrated, respectively, in vivo to AIPI rats to observe their effects on the disease by assessing various asthmatic parameters.
The data indicate that poly I:C internalized by ASM cells differentially regulates M2R and M3R expression and function by interacting with TLR3 rather than with PKR, suggesting that these changes may contribute to airway hyperreactivity.