Thus, XBP-1s may directly upregulate KSHV ORF21 and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of KSHV-MCD and the activity of zidovudine and ganciclovir in this disease.<b>Importance:</b> Spliced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1s), part of the unfloded protein response and expressed in developing germinal center B cells, can induce Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) lytic repliction and directly activate viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6).
X-box binding protein 1 induces the expression of the lytic cycle transactivator of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus but not Epstein-Barr virus in co-infected primary effusion lymphoma.