The loss of CD163 expression inhibited both cell cycle progression and the proliferation of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and primary glioma cells.
Here we perform quantitative analysis of tissue microarrays made of samples taken from grades I-III astrocytoma and glioblastoma (GBM, grade IV astrocytoma) to evaluate infiltration of myeloid markers CD163, CD68, CD33, and S100A9.
Using odds ratios, IDH1 mutated GBM had statistically significant decreased expression of CD163 and CD70 and a trend for decreased PD1, CTLA4, and Foxp3.
With an immunhistochemical double staining using macrophage markers (CD68 and CD163) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) as a marker for neoplastic cells, we found high levels of double positive cells in human GBM.