An approximately 20-fold amplification of the unmutated K-ras gene was observed in a tumor that proved to be a solitary lung metastasis of a rectal carcinoma.
The c-myc gene was amplified 5-7-fold in two adenocarcinomas, the H-ras gene 3 5-fold in one adenocarcinoma, while the K-ras and the neu gene were amplified in lung metastases from a colorectal and a breast cancer primary respectively.
The c-myc gene was amplified 5-7-fold in two adenocarcinomas, the H-ras gene 3 5-fold in one adenocarcinoma, while the K-ras and the neu gene were amplified in lung metastases from a colorectal and a breast cancer primary respectively.
The c-myc gene was amplified 5-7-fold in two adenocarcinomas, the H-ras gene 3 5-fold in one adenocarcinoma, while the K-ras and the neu gene were amplified in lung metastases from a colorectal and a breast cancer primary respectively.
The c-myc gene was amplified 5-7-fold in two adenocarcinomas, the H-ras gene 3 5-fold in one adenocarcinoma, while the K-ras and the neu gene were amplified in lung metastases from a colorectal and a breast cancer primary respectively.
In conclusion, u-PA mediated matrix degradation in vitro and production of u-PA and PAI-1 by human melanoma cell lines correlated with their ability to form spontaneous lung metastasis in nude mice.
In conclusion, u-PA mediated matrix degradation in vitro and production of u-PA and PAI-1 by human melanoma cell lines correlated with their ability to form spontaneous lung metastasis in nude mice.
Also, TIL recovered from the responding lung metastasis and cultured in the presence of IL2 gave rise to autologous tumor-reactive CD4+ T-cells, whereas the nonresponsive renal tumor yielded a mixture of T- and natural killer cells.
Injection of transfected clones that overexpressed TSP1 into the mammary fat pad of nude mice resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of primary tumor size and an inhibition of spontaneous pulmonary metastases, which occurred in 21-30% of THBS-1 transfectants compared to 44-49% of controls (P = 0.007).
When surface ICAM-1 expression is upregulated, formation of lung metastases in nude mice increases 1.5- to 4-fold (P < 0.05) for human melanoma cell lines C8161, MeWo, and A375.
Moreover, the spontaneous lung metastases were augmented in the animals injected with MCAF-transfectants compared to those injected with parental cells with a concomitant increase of angiogenesis.
Athymic nude mice were given daily intraperitoneal injections of batimastat (30 mg/kg body weight) after resection of MDA-MB-435 primary tumors grown in their mammary fat pads; the volumes of tumor regrowths and the numbers and volumes of lung metastases were calculated; neovascularization in the regrowths was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis with an antibody directed against CD31, an endothelial cell antigen.
Over-expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP1 and TIMP2) suppresses extravasation of pulmonary metastasis of a rat bladder carcinoma.
The number of pulmonary metastases developed by these sublines was inversely correlated with the expression of two isotypes of nm23, nm23-M1 and nm23-M2.
Over-expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP1 and TIMP2) suppresses extravasation of pulmonary metastasis of a rat bladder carcinoma.