Recent studies have revealed that forebrain specific conditional knockouts of PS1 and PS2 genes (cPSKO) cause both neuronal degeneration and memory loss without evidence of formation of amyloid plaques.
Recent studies have revealed that forebrain specific conditional knockouts of PS1 and PS2 genes (cPSKO) cause both neuronal degeneration and memory loss without evidence of formation of amyloid plaques.
To investigate the expression and possible role of pS2 protein as a predictor of tumor recurrence in superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and to determine its relation with tumor stage, grade, size, number, recurrence and proliferative activity.
The CpG sites within the promoter region of the pS2 gene were methylated in pS2-negative gastric carcinoma cell lines whereas it was not in pS2-positive cell line.
A pilot study on relationships of selected molecular factors [erbB-1, erbB-2, erbB-3, and c-myc oncogene average gene copy numbers (AGCN); steroid receptors and pS2 gene expression; tumor cells' DNA values] to the ex vivo chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer in a modified adenosine triphosphate cell viability chemosensitivity assay (ATP-CVA), was performed.
A pilot study on relationships of selected molecular factors [erbB-1, erbB-2, erbB-3, and c-myc oncogene average gene copy numbers (AGCN); steroid receptors and pS2 gene expression; tumor cells' DNA values] to the ex vivo chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer in a modified adenosine triphosphate cell viability chemosensitivity assay (ATP-CVA), was performed.
We analyzed the distribution of the PS-1 intronic polymorphism in patients with sporadic AD and in seven familial AD (FAD) families carrying pathogenetic mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Presenilin (PS-1 and PS-2) genes.
Eleven early-onset dementia families, all with affected individuals who have either presented clinical symptoms of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) or have been confirmed to have EOFAD by autopsy, and two early onset cases with biopsy-confirmed AD pathology, were screened for missense mutations in the entire coding region of presenilin-1 (PS-1) and -2 (PS-2) genes.
This suggests that the pS2 gene expression detected in nonmalignant tissue may be related to early premalignant changes of prostate glands harboring significant carcinomas.
In prostate cancer the pS2 protein was detected in close association with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation as assessed by Chromogranin A (Chr A) immunoreactivity.
In prostate cancer the pS2 protein was detected in close association with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation as assessed by Chromogranin A (Chr A) immunoreactivity.
These data clearly indicate that the breast-cancer-associated pS2 protein also plays an as yet undetermined role in the tumorigenesis of human colorectal carcinomas.
pS2 gene expression was investigated in benign and malignant ovary tumors and whenever possible, pS2 expression was also studied in cells collected from cystadenoma fluids.
Expression of pS2 protein (an oestrogen-induced gene discovered in the MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line) and its homologue human spasmolytic polypeptide (hSP) was analysed, using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to their mRNAs, in the proximal duodenum of 17 partial gastrectomy specimens removed from individuals with chronic peptic ulceration.
The human hSP gene, which contains a tandem duplication of the pS2 gene P domain and is coexpressed with the pS2 gene in normal stomach mucosa but not in breast cancers, is also expressed in Crohn's disease.
RNA blot hybridization analysis revealed that pS2 gene was expressed well in two (MKN-45 and KATO-III; derived from poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma) but not in three cell lines (MKN-1, MKN-28 and MKN-74; from well differentiated adenocarcinoma), suggesting that expression of the pS2 gene depends on the state of cell differentiation.
A 3.5 kb c-myb transcript band was detected in 108 (64%) tumours. c-myb expression was found to be associated with good prognostic factors (lowest histopathologic grade (P = 0.01), oestrogen and progesterone receptor status (P less than 10(-4)) and pS2 gene expression (P less than 10(-4)) and negatively correlated with breast cancers of poorer prognosis, namely IBC (P = 0.03) and NBC with multiple involved nodes (P = 0.15).
The experiments described in this study examined responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocyte mononuclear (MNC) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, T-helper (THC) cells, and NILL (cells obtained from patients with advanced breast cancer) cells from 10 of each age-matched subjects from 10 healthy adults and patients, 10 with benign breast diseases (BBD), and 10 from patients from each of the breast carcinoma pathological stage BCa PS I, BCa PS II, BCa PS III, and BCa PS IV.