A survey of the clinical consequences of these defects indicates that defects in the acyl-CoA oxidase and D-BP can produce neonatal hypotonia, seizures in early infancy, retinopathy and progressive neurological dysfunction with leukodystrophy on imaging.
Abnormal plasma ghrelin and PYY levels compared with controls have been reported for subjects with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) which is characterized by infantile hypotonia, poor suck reflex and failure to thrive followed by hyperphagia and marked obesity in early childhood.
Absence of the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 1 (TRPM1) gene product is proposed as a possible mechanism for the severe visual impairment; absence of CHRNA7 (alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit) as a cause of the refractory seizures and severe cognitive impairment; and deletion of MTMR10 and/or MTMR15 (encoding myotubularin related proteins) alone or combined with other homozygously deleted genes as a cause for the congenital hypotonia with areflexia.
Absence of the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 1 (TRPM1) gene product is proposed as a possible mechanism for the severe visual impairment; absence of CHRNA7 (alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit) as a cause of the refractory seizures and severe cognitive impairment; and deletion of MTMR10 and/or MTMR15 (encoding myotubularin related proteins) alone or combined with other homozygously deleted genes as a cause for the congenital hypotonia with areflexia.
Absence of the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 1 (TRPM1) gene product is proposed as a possible mechanism for the severe visual impairment; absence of CHRNA7 (alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit) as a cause of the refractory seizures and severe cognitive impairment; and deletion of MTMR10 and/or MTMR15 (encoding myotubularin related proteins) alone or combined with other homozygously deleted genes as a cause for the congenital hypotonia with areflexia.
Absence of the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 1 (TRPM1) gene product is proposed as a possible mechanism for the severe visual impairment; absence of CHRNA7 (alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit) as a cause of the refractory seizures and severe cognitive impairment; and deletion of MTMR10 and/or MTMR15 (encoding myotubularin related proteins) alone or combined with other homozygously deleted genes as a cause for the congenital hypotonia with areflexia.
Absence of the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 1 (TRPM1) gene product is proposed as a possible mechanism for the severe visual impairment; absence of CHRNA7 (alpha7-nicotinic receptor subunit) as a cause of the refractory seizures and severe cognitive impairment; and deletion of MTMR10 and/or MTMR15 (encoding myotubularin related proteins) alone or combined with other homozygously deleted genes as a cause for the congenital hypotonia with areflexia.
An autosomal dominant form of CNM results from mutations in the gene encoding dynamin 2 (DNM2), and loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding myotubularin (MTM1) result in X-linked CNM (XLCNM, also called myotubular myopathy), which promotes severe neonatal hypotonia and early death.
Biallelic UNC80 mutations caused infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 2 in two Chinese patients with variable phenotypes.
Duplication of MECP2 causes a recently described X-linked mental retardation syndrome, of which the typical features are infantile hypotonia, poor speech development, recurrent infections, epilepsy, and progressive spasticity.
Duplications leading to functional disomy of chromosome Xq28, including MECP2 as the critical dosage-sensitive gene, are associated with a distinct clinical phenotype in males, characterized by severe mental retardation, infantile hypotonia, progressive neurologic impairment, recurrent infections, bladder dysfunction, and absent speech.
Here we broaden the spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with homozygous/compound heterozygous RYR1 gene variants to include a wide range of manifestations from FADS through neonatal hypotonia to a 35-year-old male with AMC and PhD degree.
Here, we report bi-allelic pathogenic SPTBN4 variants (three homozygous and two compound heterozygous) that cause a severe neurological syndrome that includes congenital hypotonia, intellectual disability, and motor axonal and auditory neuropathy.
Horstick et al.(2013) previously reported a homozygous p.Trp284Ser variant in STAC3 as the cause of Native American myopathy (NAM) in 5 Lumbee Native American families with congenital hypotonia and weakness, cleft palate, short stature, ptosis, kyphoscoliosis, talipes deformities, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH).