However, the Bgl II polymorphism of the alpha2beta1 integrin gene and the Apa I polymorphism of the platelet GPIIIa gene do not have a major role in the development of diabetic nephropathy in our population.
The objective of this study was to estimate the effect between Apa I, Bsm I, Fok I and Taq I polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and DN susceptibility.
In the present review, we discuss the GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors (incretin-based therapies), which are novel antidiabetic agents used in clinical practice and their role in diabetic nephropathy with specific focus on renoprotection and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease.
In this study, we examined the renoprotective effect of recombinant human GLP-1 (rhGLP-1), and investigated the influence of GLP-1 on inflammation and tubulointerstitial injury using diabetic nephropathy rats model of STZ-induced.
In primary prevention, SGLT-2i reduce both the risk of hospitalization for HF and progression of DKD; in secondary prevention, SGLT-2i are effective on the three endpoints, DPP-4i are neutral, while GLP1-RA show mixed results.
Compared with the NC group, expressions of miR-192 and miR-200b were increased, whereas their target proteins (ZEB2 and PTEN) were reduced in the kidneys of DN mice, which further modulated the expression of their downstream proteins PI3K p85<i>α</i>, P-AKT, P-smad3, and COL4 <i>α</i>1; these proteins were increased in the kidneys of DN mice.
These results suggest that YY1 is a potent transcriptional repressor of <i>TGFB1</i> during the development of DN in diabetic mice and that small molecules targeting YY1 may serve as promising therapies for treating DN.
RNA silencing and overexpression were performed by using a YY1 expression/knockdown plasmid to investigate the function of YY1 in renal fibrosis of DN.
IHG-1, HSPA5 and YBX1 all show increased expression in diabetic nephropathy, chronic kidney disease and in the Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction model of kidney fibrosis.
Furthermore, sequence variations in the XT-I and XT-II coding genes were identified as risk factors for diabetic nephropathy, osteoarthritis or pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Genotyping of four genetic variations in the genes XYLT-I and XYLT-II was performed in 912 type 1 diabetic patients (453 with and 459 without diabetic nephropathy) using restriction fragment-length polymorphism.
The haplotype analysis of 6 XYLT2 polymorphisms revealed one haplotype (GATTCG) to be significantly less frequent among type 1 patients with diabetic nephropathy (p=0.002, OR=0.13, 95% CI=0.03-0.59).